Graylog won't start after upgrading from 3.0.0 to 4.0.0

Yes, It can be related.

If the filesystem used by your elasticsearch cluster is running out of space it won’t write any message you receive.

You have to fix that in order to put it back online.

In graylog v4 you have to use Elasticsearch Curator to make it happens. There’s more about this issue in another thread: